$ dwarf_get_func_addr tracedprog2
DW_TAG_subprogram: 'do_stuff'
low pc : 0x08048604
high pc : 0x0804863e
DW_TAG_subprogram: 'main'
low pc : 0x0804863e
high pc : 0x0804865a
看过前一节后,现在我可以简单地说断点就是通过CPU的特殊指令——int 3来实现的。int就是x86体系结构中的“陷阱指令”——对预定义的中断处理例程的调用。x86支持int指令带有一个8位的操作数,用来指定所发生的 中断号。因此,理论上可以支持256种“陷阱”。前32个由CPU自己保留,这里第3号就是我们感兴趣的——称为“trap to debugger”。
/* Obtain and show child's instruction pointer */
ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, child_pid, 0, ®s);
procmsg("Child started. EIP = 0x%08x\n", regs.eip);
/* Look at the word at the address we're interested in */
unsigned addr = 0x8048096;
unsigned data = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKTEXT, child_pid, (void*)addr, 0);
procmsg("Original data at 0x%08x: 0x%08x\n", addr, data);
/* Let the child run to the breakpoint and wait for it to
** reach it
*/
ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, child_pid, 0, 0);
wait(&wait_status);
if (WIFSTOPPED(wait_status)) {
procmsg("Child got a signal: %s\n", strsignal(WSTOPSIG(wait_status)));
}
else {
perror("wait");
return;
}
/* See where the child is now */
ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, child_pid, 0, ®s);
procmsg("Child stopped at EIP = 0x%08x\n", regs.eip);
这段代码打印出:
123
Hello,
[13028] Child got a signal: Trace/breakpoint trap
[13028] Child stopped at EIP = 0x08048097
/* Remove the breakpoint by restoring the previous data
** at the target address, and unwind the EIP back by 1 to
** let the CPU execute the original instruction that was
** there.
*/
ptrace(PTRACE_POKETEXT, child_pid, (void*)addr, (void*)data);
regs.eip -= 1;
ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGS, child_pid, 0, ®s);
/* The child can continue running now */
ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, child_pid, 0, 0);
void run_debugger(pid_t child_pid)
{
procmsg("debugger started\n");
/* Wait for child to stop on its first instruction */
wait(0);
procmsg("child now at EIP = 0x%08x\n", get_child_eip(child_pid));
/* Create breakpoint and run to it*/
debug_breakpoint* bp = create_breakpoint(child_pid, (void*)0x080483e4);
procmsg("breakpoint created\n");
ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, child_pid, 0, 0);
wait(0);
/* Loop as long as the child didn't exit */
while (1) {
/* The child is stopped at a breakpoint here. Resume its
** execution until it either exits or hits the
** breakpoint again.
*/
procmsg("child stopped at breakpoint. EIP = 0x%08X\n", get_child_eip(child_pid));
procmsg("resuming\n");
int rc = resume_from_breakpoint(child_pid, bp);
if (rc == 0) {
procmsg("child exited\n");
break;
}
else if (rc == 1) {
continue;
}
else {
procmsg("unexpected: %d\n", rc);
break;
}
}
cleanup_breakpoint(bp);
}
void run_target(const char* programname)
{
procmsg("target started. will run '%s'\n", programname);
/* Allow tracing of this process */
if (ptrace(PTRACE_TRACEME, 0, 0, 0) < 0) {
perror("ptrace");
return;
}
/* Replace this process's image with the given program */
execl(programname, programname, 0);
}
这部分最有意思的地方在ptrace调用。ptrace的原型是(在sys/ptrace.h):
1
long ptrace(enum __ptrace_request request, pid_t pid, void *addr, void *data);
void run_debugger(pid_t child_pid)
{
int wait_status;
unsigned icounter = 0;
procmsg("debugger started\n");
/* Wait for child to stop on its first instruction */
wait(&wait_status);
while (WIFSTOPPED(wait_status)) {
icounter++;
/* Make the child execute another instruction */
if (ptrace(PTRACE_SINGLESTEP, child_pid, 0, 0) < 0) {
perror("ptrace");
return;
}
/* Wait for child to stop on its next instruction */
wait(&wait_status);
}
procmsg("the child executed %u instructions\n", icounter);
}
section .text
; The _start symbol must be declared for the linker (ld)
global _start
_start:
; Prepare arguments for the sys_write system call:
; - eax: system call number (sys_write)
; - ebx: file descriptor (stdout)
; - ecx: pointer to string
; - edx: string length
mov edx, len
mov ecx, msg
mov ebx, 1
mov eax, 4
; Execute the sys_write system call
int 0x80
; Execute sys_exit
mov eax, 1
int 0x80
section .data
msg db 'Hello, world!', 0xa
len equ $ - msg